Urinary tract inflammation is a common problem not only among women;half of humans also suffer from this disease, but less often due to physiological characteristics.The main symptoms of cystitis in men: increased frequency of urination and its pain, discomfort and pain in the suprapubic area, impurities in the urine.Therapy involves the use of antimicrobial drugs and various procedures.
What is cystitis?
Bacterial infection leads to inflammation of the bladder.It occurs when the pathogen enters the target organ through the urethra.This disease is classified as an infection of the lower urinary tract.The male urethra is longer than the female urethra, so cystitis is less common in the stronger half of humans than in women.
Reason
Following simple rules of personal hygiene will allow a young man to avoid cystitis with almost one hundred percent probability.In older age, the risk of disease increases.Cystitis is often caused by other diseases, such as urethral stricture, urolithiasis, and chronic sexually transmitted infections.Weak immunity is also a trigger, and this is often caused by the use of cytostatic and hormonal drugs.
The cause of cystitis in women is an ascending infection from the urethra, vagina, anus, while in men it spreads from the urethra, epididymis, prostate gland, seminal vesicles.The presence of urological problems that lead to narrowing of the urethra and stagnation of urine can cause this disease.Obstruction of the urethra by any foreign body, stone, diverticula (protrusion of the organ wall), prostate adenoma can cause cystitis.
Since it is difficult for the infection to penetrate the male bladder, cystitis can occur against the background of other diseases, such as vesiculitis, orchitis, urethritis, prostatitis, and epididymitis.Urogenital infections occur when infected with ureaplasma, treponema pallidum (syphilis), gonococcus, mycoplasma, staphylococci, streptococcus, enterobacteria, enterococci, trichomonas, chlamydia, proteus, herpes virus, cytomegalovirus, papillomavirus, Pserichia coli and Escherichia coli Klebsiella, Listeria or coliform bacteria.
The infection can also be descending if caused by renal tuberculosis or pyelonephritis.Favorable conditions for the development of cystitis can be the presence of bad habits, stress, poor nutrition, and excessive physical activity.Sinusitis, flu, chronic tonsillitis, even if it first affects the respiratory system, can spread through the bloodstream to other organs and introduce bacteria into the bladder.This leads to the fact that cystitis often occurs as a complication of infectious diseases.
The infection can be introduced by a doctor in the hospital during catheterization or cystoscopy.Other factors that contribute to this disease include diabetes mellitus, hypothermia, stress, lack of sleep, abdominal surgery, prostate resection, transurethral surgery, and malignant tumors of the urethra and prostate.
The first signs of cystitis in men
If there is suspicion of an inflammatory process, then treatment should not be delayed.Cystitis in men is diagnosed and antibiotics are prescribed.The first signs of this disease can be detected independently if:
- frequent urination
- pain in the lower abdomen;
- burning when urinating;
- blood, mucus and pus in the urine;
- general weakness, temperature above normal (37°C).
symptoms
Men's cystitis is determined by clear symptoms.The development of the disease in the acute form is indicated by increased frequency of urination, difficulty and painful sensations in the lower abdomen, and cloudy urine.If this phenomenon occurs, it is necessary to see a urologist as soon as possible.A frequent urge to urinate is one of the main symptoms of cystitis, while a small amount of fluid may come out during one trip to the toilet, and incontinence often occurs.
With cystitis, a man may have to make an effort to start urinating.A painful, burning or stinging sensation also occurs, which is very strong at the beginning and at the end of urination.The pain varies in strength and intensity and can be accompanied by unpleasant sensations in the penis, perineum, and genital area.Symptoms of cystitis in men are accompanied by high body temperature, headache, fatigue, weakness, increased sweating, chills, and decreased appetite.
With hemorrhagic, gangrenous cystitis, the urine becomes cloudy.There may be blood and mucus in it, and a sharp and unpleasant stench appears.The amount of urine is reduced to 400 ml per day.Symptoms of cystitis in men are mild if the chronic form is observed.Almost no pain is felt, the frequency of urination increases slightly, and only mucus is present in the urine.This form of the disease has a period of exacerbation and remission.
Chronic cystitis
This form is characterized by few symptoms and often has a stable or continuously undulating course.So the complications of cystitis in men in chronic form are as follows:
- persistent leukocyturia (an increase in the number of leukocytes in the urine);
- pyuria (the presence of pus in the urine);
- proteinuria (excretion of protein in the urine above normal);
- macroscopic or microscopic hematuria (presence of blood in the urine);
- the presence of mucus in the urine.
spicy
This form of cystitis has widespread symptoms.The main manifestations that indicate the acute phase are as follows:
- frequent urination, including nocturia (mostly nocturnal diuresis);
- imperative imperative;
- stranguria (pain, difficulty urinating);
- cloudy urine;
- terminal hematuria;
- fever, chills, decreased ability to work;
- pain, burning and stinging when urinating,
- pain in the suprapubic area, penis, groin, scrotum;
- decrease in the amount of urine (up to 10-20 ml);
- development of incontinence;
- leukocyturia, hematuria, pyuria.
- intoxication (with hemorrhagic, gangrenous or phlegmonous forms);
- the color of urine is cloudy, foul smelling output, the presence of wound impurities and mucus.
Treatment
To avoid inflammation of the bladder, prevention of cystitis in men is important.If, however, it is not possible to protect yourself and early signs of the disease appear, then you need to visit a specialist as soon as possible.Therapy is prescribed only after the urologist collects a complete history and conducts an examination.Acute cystitis, accompanied by severe pain and persistent urinary retention, will require hospital treatment and a detailed study of the processes occurring in the body to determine the type of pathogenic microorganisms.The following are recommended as general therapy:
- Bed rest during the acute period of the disease, use of antipyretics, use of a large amount of fluid (up to 2.5 liters per day), adherence to a diet without the absence of sour, spicy and salty foods in the diet.
- Antibiotics.After the pathogen is identified, antimicrobial agents are prescribed.The most common are fluoroquinolones, nitrofurans, and cephalosporins.The drug is taken for a week.
- Phytotherapy.Diuretic and anti-inflammatory herbal medicine is effective against cystitis.Herbal tea (bearberry, horsetail, lingonberry leaves) will be useful for this disease.Such drugs have a supportive effect and help relieve inflammation.You should be aware of possible allergic reactions to herbs.Cranberry juice or fruit drinks will be beneficial;tablets containing cranberry extract are effective.Such drugs reduce the concentration of antibiotics, so they can be used after the end of the course of treatment.
- Antispasmodic drugs and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs will help relieve pain.
- Some sexually transmitted infections can cause cystitis in men.The treatment regimen is prescribed by a specialist.
- Immunomodulators and probiotics.Such drugs help the body recover after a course of antibiotics.They are not directly involved in the treatment of this disease.Immunomodulators help the body fight pathogens, and probiotics restore intestinal microflora.
- The course of treatment depends on concomitant diseases, such as pyelonephritis, urolithiasis, adenomectomy, prostatitis.Therapy for this disease is necessary to cure cystitis.
- Rinse the bladder.In some cases, this procedure is recommended using an antiseptic;the use of novocaine blockade is effective.
- Physiotherapy.At the end of the acute period of the disease, to accelerate the body's recovery and absorption, ultrasound procedures, UHF, mud therapy, magnetic laser therapy, and electrophoresis are used.